The human ability to create manufactured substances is not a modern innovation. It began in the Middle Palaeolithic with the production of birch tar through dry distillation, a process of heating bark ...

The rising demand for sustainable wastewater management and high-value resource recovery is pressing industries involved in, e.g., textiles, metals, and food production, to adopt energy-efficient and ...

Distillation columns are extensively deployed in the chemical process industries when there is a need for separation of components that have different boiling points. Typically, a mixture of ...