Stomata, the holes on the surface of a plant’s leaves, are essential for controlling the exchange of gases between the plant and the atmosphere. Stomata with the right characteristics can increase a ...

Stomata are vital for regulating water and carbon dioxide in plants, affecting photosynthesis. Traditional stomata analysis was manual and error-prone, but deep learning (DL) methods, such as DCNN, ...

Stomata are vital for controlling gas exchange and water vapor release, which significantly affect photosynthesis and transpiration. Characterizing stomatal traits such as size, density, and ...

Stomata are pivotal for gas exchange during photosynthesis and transpiration and are therefore critical in plant growth and global water cycles. However, the mechanistic role of cell wall architecture ...