Index modulation (IM) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems represents a transformative approach in modern communications. This technique utilises the indices of active ...

Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) has gained significant attention in wireless communication, particularly for high-speed, large-capacity optical wireless communication (OWC) systems. However, current ...

Announcing a new publication from Opto-Electronic Advances; DOI 10.29026/oea.2026.250229. Programmable metasurface (PM), also termed as reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), have emerged as a ...

FIG. 1 (a) Functional diagram and (b) Structure diagram of the device. Vortex beams with helical phase wavefronts can carry orbital angular momentum (OAM) and have promising applications in ...