Secondary production is an ecosystem (energy flow) concept that is measured using a population technique. Textbooks rarely mention that it can address population/community questions as well. Secondary ...

GDP is one of the most important numbers in modern economics, but few people really know what it means. Learn what you need to know in this handy explainer. Governments have used many indicators to ...

Two scientists are challenging the currently accepted norms of biofuel production. Calculations of greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions from bioenergy production are neglecting crucial information that has ...

Airbus and Leonardo will in future use dollars as their accounting reference for their component supplies to their ATR joint venture in a bid to reduce currency-related headwinds for the ...

Crude oil production in the U.S. will reach an average of 9.9 million barrels a day in 2018, the Energy Information Administration projects in its latest Short-Term Energy Outlook report. This would ...

Employers may calculate the regular rate of pay for employees paid on a piece-rate basis — i.e., those paid per unit of production rather than a period of time — by dividing the employees' earnings by ...

Post-production cost deductions are a common source of royalty litigation. Local lease-interpretation rules determine whether particular deductions are proper and defensible in court. Different ...