Systems theory is an alternative approach to understanding, managing and planning organizations. Employee relations is a human resources discipline concerned with strengthening ties between employers ...

Systems theory was not originally a business theory. Indeed, systems theory was proposed in the 1940s by biologist Ludwig von Bertalanffy, say Francis Heylighen and Cliff Joslyn in their article, ...

This essay examines some of the values and assumptions of General Systems Theory (GST) in an attempt to show that: (1) Many concepts composing GST constitute nonrefutable hypotheses which serve the ...

An organization, by its most basic definition, is an assembly of people working together to achieve common objectives through a division of labor. An organization provides a means of using individual ...

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